History

————————————————- Philippine History | Event Date: | Event Title: | Event Description: | | 10, 000BC | Cagayan Valley Stone tool | The Cagayan Valley archaeological site has revealed stone tools from the Pleistocene. | | 890-710 B. C. | Manunggul Jar | The Manunggul Jar is a secondary burial jar excavated from a Neolithic burial site in Manunggul cave of Lipuun Point, Quezon, Palawan dating from 890-710 B. C. | | 04/21/0900 | Laguna Copperplate Inscription | Laguna Copperplate Inscription The Laguna Copperplate inscription (also shortened to LCI) is the earliest known written document found in the Philippines. The plate was found in 1989 by Alfredo E. Evangelista in Laguna de Bay, in the metroplex of Manila, Philippines, the LCI has inscribed on it a date of Saka era 822, corresponding to April 21, 900 AD. | | 03/17/1001 | Song Shih document | Song Shih The Chinese annal Song Shih recorded the first appearance of a Butuan tributary mission at the Chinese Imperial Court on March 17, 1001 AD and it described Butuan (P’u-tuan) as a small Hindu country with a Buddhist Monarchy in the sea that had a regular connection with the Champa kingdom and intermittent contact with China under the Rajah named Kiling. | | 01/01/1175 | Kingdom of Namayan reaches its peak. | Kingdom of Namayan The ancient Kingdom of Namayan, alternately referred to as the Kingdom of Sapa, Maysapan or Nasapan after its capital which goes by those names, was one of three major kingdoms that dominated the area around the upper portion of the Pasig River and the coast of Laguna Lake in the Philippines before the arrival of Spanish colonizers in the 16th century. | | 01/01/1240 | Tuan Mash`ika, an Arab, travels and introduces Islam to Sulu. | Tuan Masha’ika Tuan Masha’ika was an Arab trader credited for founding the first Muslim community in the Philippines. He was the person responsible for the propagation of Islam, particularly in Mindanao, by marrying the local maidens and raising children whom he influenced to follow the path of Mohammad. The coming of Muslim traders in the Philippines marked the establishment of masjids in the country. | | 01/01/1300 | Birth of the Baybayin, Hanunoo, Tagbanwa, and Buhid scripts from Brahmi. | BrÄ�hmÄ«: Buhid, Tagbanwa, Hanunó’o, Baybayin | | 01/01/1380 | Karim Al-Makhdum arrives in Jolo and builds a Mosque. | Karim ul-Makhdum Karim ul-Makhdum was the first Muslim missionary in Sulu. The word makhdum in Arabic means master. In India and Malaysia, it is a title for holy people. During the years Karim ul-Makhdum was later called Tuan Sharif Aulia. He was considered as a saint (aulia) due to stories about his alleged magical powers. | | 01/01/1457 | Karim Al-Makhdum arrives in Jolo and builds a Mosque. | Sultanate of Sulu The Sultanate of Sulu was a Muslim state that ruled over many of the islands of the Sulu Sea, in the southern Philippines. The sultanate was founded in 1450, but other sources place the date earlier. Muslim historians believe that it had existed centuries earlier in the time of Raja Baguinda Ali. | | 03/16/1521 | Ferdinand Magellan landed on Homonhon and Cebu | Ferdinand Magellan On 16 March Magellan reached the island of Homonhon in the Philippines, with 150 crew left. Members of his expedition became the first Spaniards to reach the Philippine archipelago, but they were not the first Europeans. Magellan was able to communicate with the native tribes because his Malay interpreter, Enrique, could understand their languages. Enrique was indentured by Magellan in 1511 right after the colo | | 01/06/1543 | Las Islas Filipinas | Ruy López de Villalobos López de Villalobos was commissioned in 1541 by the Viceroy of New Spain, Antonio de Mendoza, who was the first colonial administrator in the New World, to send an expedition to the Islas del Poniente, meaning Island of the West, now known as the Philippines. His fleet of six galleon ships, the Santiago, Jorge, San Antonio, San Cristóbal, San Martín, and San Juan, left Barra de Navidad, Jalisc | | 04/27/1565 | First Spanish settlement | Expedition to the Philippines López de Legazpi and his men sailed the Pacific Ocean for 93 days. On April 27, 1565, the Spaniards and their native allies sailed back to Cebu and attacked the villages of Rajah Tupas, which led to the surrender of the settlements. There, the Spaniards established their colony, naming it ” Villa del Santisimo Nombre de Jesús” (Town of the Most Holy Name of Jesus), and ” Villa de San Miguel”. | | 01/01/1567 | Dagami Revolt | Dagami Revolt The Dagami Revolt was a revolt against Spanish colonial rule led by the Filipino rebel, Dagami, in the island of Cebu in the Philippines, in 1567.[1] Lakandula and Sulayman Revolt The Lakandula and Sulayman Revolt, also known as the Manila Revolt, was an uprising in 1574 against Spanish colonial rule led by Rajah Lakandula and Rajah Sulayman in Manila. | | 01/01/1570 | Kingdom of Maynila conquered | Kingdom of Maynila conquered. Manila made a Spanish city The Kingdom of Seludong (Saludung), or Maynila, which after colonization became Manila, capital of the Philippines, was one of three major city-states that dominated the area around the upper portion of the Pasig River before the arrival of Spanish colonizers in the 16th century. | | 01/01/1585 | Pampangos Revolt | Pampangos Revolt The Pampangos Revolt was an uprising in 1585 by some native Kapampangan leaders who resented Spanish landowners, or encomienderos who had deprived them of their historical land inheritances as tribal chiefs. | | 10/26/1588 | Conspiracy of the Maharlikas | Conspiracy if the Maharlikas The Conspiracy of the Maharlikas, or the Tondo Conspiracy, of 1587-1588, was a plot against Spanish colonial rule by the kin-related noblemen, or datus, of Manila and some towns of Bulacan and Pampanga. It was led by Agustin de Legazpi, nephew of Lakandula, and his first cousin, Martin Pangan. The uprising failed when they were denounced to the Spanish authorities by Antonio Surabao. | | 01/01/1601 | Igorot Revolt | Igorot Revolt An expedition was sent to the Cordillera region for religious conversion purposes with the aid of Fr. Esteban Marin. The Igorots killed Marin and the Governor-General sent Captain Aranda with Spanish and Filipino colonial troops, who used brute force and had the Igorot villages burned in his rage for the loss of the friar. | | 04/28/1611 | University of Santo Tomas established | University of Santo Tomas University of Santo Tomas has the oldest extant university charter in the Philippines and in Asia. It is one of the world’s largest Catholic universities in terms of enrollment found on one campus. | | 01/01/1622 | Tamblot Revolt (1621-1622) | Tamblot Revolt The Tamblot Revolt or Tamblot Uprising was a religious uprising in the island of Bohol, led by Tamblot in 1621. The Jesuits first came to Bohol in 1596 and eventually governed the island and converted the Boholanos to the Catholic faith. Tamblot, a babaylan or native priest, urged his fellow Boholanos to return to the old native religion of their forefathers. | | 01/01/1622 | Bankaw Revlot (1621-1622) | Bankaw Revolt The Bancao Revolt was a religious uprising against Spanish colonial rule led by Bancao, the datu of Carigara , in the present-day Carigara Philippine province of Leyte. | | 01/01/1625 | Isneg Revolt (1625-1627) | Isneg Revolt The Isneg Revolt, or the Mandaya Revolt, was a religious uprising against Spanish colonial rule led by Miguel Lanab and Alababan, two Christianized Filipinos from the Isneg or Mandaya tribe of Capinatan, in northwestern Cagayan, in the Philippines. The region is now part of the landlocked province of Apayao. | | 01/01/1639 | Cagayan Revolt | Cagayan Revolt As a result of the British invasion and the revolutionary propaganda of Silang and Palaris, the flames of rebellion spread to Cagayan. The people of Ilagan proclaimed their independence on February 2, 1763, defying the tribute collectors and Spain. The insurrection spread to Cabagan and Tuguegarao. | | 01/01/1640 | Biag ni Lam-ang | Biah ni Lam-ang Biag ni Lam-ang (English: ” The Life of Lam-ang”) is an epic poem of the Ilokano people from the Ilocos region of the Philippines. Recited and written in its original Iloko, the poem is believed to be a composite work of various poets who passed it on through the generations, and was first transcribed around 1640 by a blind Ilokano bard named Pedro Bucaneg. | | 01/01/1643 | Ladia Revolt | Ladia Revolt Ladia was a Bornean and a descendant of Lakandula who came to Malolos in 1643. At that time, the Filipinos were suffering from oppression and he thought that it was about time that they stage an uprising. This was despite the fact that a parish priest tried to convince him not to pursue his plans. Upon his capture, he was brought to Manila where he was executed. | | 06/10/1647 | Battle of Puerto de Cavite | Battle of Puerto de Cavite The naval Battle of Puerto de Cavite took place on 10 June 1647 during the Eighty Years’ War between a Spanish fleet and a Dutch fleet in Puerto de Cavite, an important Spanish port in Manila Bay, Philippines in which the Dutch were defeated. | | 06/01/1649 | Sumuroy Revolt (1649-50) | Sumuroy Revolt In the today the town of Palapag in Northern Samar, Juan Ponce Sumuroy, a Waray, and some of his followers rose in arms on June 1, 1649 over the polo system being undertaken in Samar. This is known as the Sumuroy Revolt, named after Juan Ponce Sumuroy. | | 01/01/1660 | Malong Revolt (1660-1661) | Malong Revolt This revolt was led by Andres Malong, who led some natives in Pangasinan to take up arms against the Spanish government and proclaimed himself King of Pangasinan. However his kingdom was short-lived and soon most of his forces abandoned him, enabling the Spanish forces to capture him and subsequently executed him. | | 01/01/1681 | Sambal Revolt (1681-1683) | Sambal Revolt After suppressing the Malong revolt in Pangasinan, the Spanish moved to exterminate the roots of the rebellion. Chief tumalang ended up converting to Catholicism. The Zambals then killed Rf. Domingo Perez, a Dominican Friar, after which the Spanish sent additional troops and defeated the rebels. | | 01/01/1719 | Caragay Revolt (1719) | Caragay Revolt This was led by a Dagupan-born ladino named Caragay who led an uprising in 1719 against the provincial governor (alcalde mayor, in Spanish) who had him flogged for what appeared to be a false accusation of smuggling. Vowing vengeance, Caragay organized a band of men who hounded the governor until they were able to kill him. | | 09/22/1762 | British fleet seizes Manila Bay | British fleet entered seizes Manila Bay as part of the Seven Years War | | 10/05/1762 | Manila fell under the British rule | | | 10/06/1762 | Provisional government in Bacolor, Pampanga | Junior legislator of the Audiencia Simón de Anda y Salazar established provisional government of the Philippines in Bacolor, Pampanga with him as the dictator. | | 11/02/1762 | Dawsonne Drake first goveror-general | The British East India Company commissioned The Rt Hon. Dawsonne Drake became the first British governor-general of the Philippines until 1764. | | 11/03/1762 | Palaris Revolt (1762-1765) | Palaris Revolt On November 3, 1762, with the Spanish at war with Britain and a British invasion of the Philippines in progress, a Pangasinense leader named Juan de la Cruz Palaris (also known as Pantaleon Perez) rebelled against Spanish imposition of the tribute. The revolt lasted two years, spreading across Pangasinan and affecting other provinces. | | 09/29/1763 | Deaths of Gabriela & Diego Silang | Gabriela Silang María Josefa Gabriela Cariño Silang (March 19, 1731 — September 29, 1763) was the wife of the Ilocano insurgent leader, Diego Silang. Following Diego’s assassination in 1763, she led the group for four months before she was captured and executed. | | 02/10/1764 | Treaty of Paris (1763) | Treaty of Paris The Treaty of Paris, often called the Peace of Paris, or the Treaty of 1763, was signed on 10 February 1763, by the kingdoms of Great Britain, France and Spain, with Portugal in agreement. It ended the French and Indian War/Seven Years’ War. The treaty marked the beginning of an extensive period of British dominance outside Europe. | | 03/17/1764 | Francisco Javier de la Torre | Francisco Javier de la Torre Anda handed over the control of the colonial government to Francisco Javier de la Torre. | | 06/11/1764 | End of British Occupation | The last of the British ships that sailed to Manila left Philippines for India. This ends the British occupation. | | 02/10/1765 | Viana Memorial of 1765 | Royal Fiscal of Manila Don Francisco Léandro de Viana wrote the famous letter to King Charles III of Spain, later called as ” Viana Memorial of 1765″. The document advises the king to abandon the colony because of the economic and social devastation created by the Seven Years’ War. The suggestion was not heeded. | | 04/02/1788 | Fracisco Baltazar | Francisco BaltazarBirth of the greatest Tagalog poet from Bulacan Francisco ” Balagtas” Baltazar. | | 01/01/1821 | Province of Spain | The Philippines becomes a province of Spain. | | 10/15/1838 | Florante at Laura is published | Florante at Laura Florante at Laura (English: Florante and Laura) by Francisco Baltazar (more famously known as Francisco Balagtas) is considered as one of the masterpieces of Philippine literature. Balagtas wrote the epic during his imprisonment. The work itself is dedicated to María Asuncion Rivera, his sweetheart, whom he nicknamed ” M. A. R.” and is referenced to as ” Selya” in the dedication ” Kay Selya” (” For Celia”). | | 06/19/1861 | Jose Rizal was born | Jose Rizal | | 01/20/1872 | 1872 Cavite mutiny | 1872 Cavite mutiny The Cavite Mutiny of 1872 was an uprising of military personnel of Fort San Felipe, the Spanish arsenal in Cavite, Philippines on January 20, 1872. Around 200 soldiers and laborers rose up in the belief that it would elevate to a national uprising. The mutiny was unsuccessful, and government soldiers executed many of the participants and began to crack down on a burgeoning nationalist movement. | | 03/21/1887 | Noli Me Tangere | Noli Me Tangere Noli Me Tangere (commonly referred to by its shortened name Noli) is a novel written in Spanish by Filipino writer and national hero José Rizal, first published in 1887 in Berlin, Germany. Early English translations used titles like An Eagle Flight and The Social Cancer, but more recent translations have been published using the original Latin title. | | 01/01/1891 | El Filibusterismo published | El Filibusterismo El filibusterismo (lit. Spanish for ” The Filibustering”), also known by its English alternate title The Reign of Greed, is the second novel written by Philippine national hero José Rizal. It is the sequel to Noli Me Tangere and like the first book, was written in Spanish. It was first published in 1891 in Ghent, Belgium. | | 01/01/1892 | La Liga Filipina | La Liga Filipina La Liga Filipina (English: The Philippine League) was a progressive organization created by Dr. José Rizal in the Philippines in a house at Ilaya Street, Tondo, Manila in 1892. | | 07/07/1892 | Andres Bonifacio establishes the Katipunan | Katipunan The Katipunan was a Philippine revolutionary society founded by anti-Spanish Filipinos in Manila in 1892, which aimed primarily to gain independence from Spain through revolution. The society was initiated by Filipino patriots Andrés Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Ladislao Diwa, and others on the night of July 7, when Filipino writer José Rizal was to be banished to Dapitan. | | 08/01/1896 | Philippine Revolution Begins | Philippine Revolution The Philippine Revolution (1896—1898), called the ” Tagalog War” by the Spanish, was an armed military conflict between the people of the Philippines and the Spanish colonial authorities which resulted in the secession of the Philippine Islands from the Spanish Empire. | | 08/01/1896 | Tagalog Republic established | Tagalog Republic Tagalog Republic is a term used to refer to two revolutionary bodies involved in the Philippine Revolution against Spain and the Philippine-American War. Both were connected to the Katipunan revolutionary movement. | | 12/30/1896 | Jose Rizal executed | Execution Moments before his execution by a firing squad of native infantry of the Spanish Army, backed by an insurance force of Spanish troops, the Spanish surgeon general requested to take his pulse; it was normal. Aware of this, the Spanish sergeant in charge of the backup force hushed his men to silence when they began raising ‘¡vivas!’ with the partisan crowd. His last words were those of Jesus Christ: ” consummatum est”,–it is finished. | | 11/01/1897 | Aguinaldo establishes the Republic of Biak-na-Bato | Republic of Biak-na-Bato The Republic of Biak-na-Bato (Tagalog: Repúbliká ng̃ Biak-na-Bató, Spanish: República de Biac-na-Bató), officially referred to in its constitution as the Philippine Republic (Tagalog: Repúbliká ng̃ Filipinas, Spanish: República de Filipinas), was the first republic ever declared in the Philippines by the revolutionary Emilio Aguinaldo and his fellow members of the Katipunan. | | 12/14/1897 | Pact of Biak-na-Bato | Pact of Biak-na-Bato The Pact of Biak-na-Bato, signed on December 14, 1897,[1] created a truce between Spanish Colonial Governor-General Fernando Primo de Rivera and Emilio Aguinaldo to end the Philippine Revolution. Aguinaldo and his fellow revolutionaries were given amnesty and monetary indemnity by the Spanish government in return for which the revolutionary Government would go into voluntary exile in Hong Kong. | | 06/12/1898 | Philippine Declaration of Independence | Philippine Declaration of Independence The Philippine Declaration of Independence occurred on June 12, 1898 in Cavite II el Viejo (now Kawit), Cavite, Philippines. With the public reading of the Act of the Declaration of Independence, Filipino revolutionary forces under General Emilio Aguinaldo proclaimed the sovereignty and independence of the Philippine Islands. | | 12/10/1898 | Treaty of Paris (1898) | Treaty of Paris The Treaty of Paris of 1898 was signed on December 10, 1898, at the end of the Spanish-American War. The Treaty signaled the end of the Spanish Empire in America and the Pacific Ocean (see also the German—Spanish Treaty (1899)), and marked the beginning of an age of United States colonial power. | | 01/20/1899 | Malolos Constitution | Malolos Constitution The Malolos Constitution was enacted on January 20, 1899 by the Philippine Malolos Congress, and established the First Philippine Republic. The original was written in Spanish, which became the first official language of the Philippines. | | 02/04/1899 | Philippine-American War | Philippine-American War The Philippine—American War, also known as the Philippine War of Independence or the Philippine Insurrection (1899—1902),[12] was an armed military conflict between the Philippines and the United States which arose from the struggle of the First Philippine Republic to gain independence following annexation by the United States. | | 04/01/1904 | Macario Sakay | Macario Sakay Macario Sakay establishes a second Tagalog Republic. | | 09/13/1907 | Macario Sakay executed | Execution On September 13, 1907, the leader of the Republic of Katagalugan, the de facto fourth President of the Philippines, was hanged. Before his death, he made the following statement: | | 10/16/1907 | First Philippine Assembly | Philippine Assembly The Philippine Assembly was convened at the old Manila Grand Opera House on October 16, 1907. Two dominant political groups–the Partido Nacionalista and Partido Nacional Progresista vied for positions in the Assembly. Minority parties also fielded their candidates as well as independent aspirants. | | 04/10/1910 | Diocese of Lipa | Diocese of Lipa The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lipa today comprises the civil province of Batangas located in the southwestern part of the island of Luzon in the Philippines. | | 07/14/1914 | Iglesia ni Cristo | Iglesia ni Cristo Iglesia ni Cristo; Tagalog for Church of Christ ; also known as INC, and previously known as Iglesia ni Kristo or INK (Kristo being the Tagalog translation for Christ), is the largest entirely indigenous Christian religious organization that originated from the Philippines and the largest independent church in Asia | | 08/16/1916 | Jones Law | Jones LawThe Jones Law or the Act of Congress of August 29, 1916, also known as the Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916, replaced the Philippine Organic Act of 1902 that earlier served as a constitution for the Philippine Islands. The Jones Law, enacted by the 64th Congress of the United States on August 29, 1916, contained the first formal and official declaration of the United States commitment to grant independence to the nation. | | 04/10/1918 | World War I | The Philippines joins the First World War, sending 25, 000 Filipino troops (and additional 6, 000 in the U. S. Navy) to Europe fighting for the United States | | 03/24/1934 | Philippine Independence Act | Philippine Independence Act The Tydings—McDuffie Act (officially the Philippine Independence Act; Public Law 73-127) approved on March 24, 1934 was a United States federal law which provided for self-government of the Philippines and for Filipino independence (from the United States) after a period of twelve years. It was authored by Maryland Senator Millard E. Tydings and Alabama Representative John McDuffie. | | 11/15/1935 | Commonwealth of the Philippines | Commonwealth of the Philippines The Commonwealth of the Philippines (Tagalog: Kómonwélt ng Pilipinas [pɪlɪˈpinÉ�s], Spanish: Mancomunidad de Filipinas [fɪlɪˈpinÉ�s]), also known as the Philippine Commonwealth, or simply as the Commonwealth, was the political designation of the Philippines from 1935 to 1946 when the country was a commonwealth of the United States. | | 11/15/1935 | Manuel Quezon | Manuel Quezon Manuel Luis Quezón y Molina (August 19, 1878 — August 1, 1944) served as president of the Commonwealth of the Philippines from 1935 to 1944. He was the first Filipino to head a government of the Philippines. Quezón is considered by most Filipinos to have been the second president of the Philippines, after Emilio Aguinaldo (1897—1901). | | 11/15/1941 | Manuel Quezon re-elected | Manuel Quezon | | 12/10/1941 | Japan invades Philippines | World War II Japan invades and occupies the Philippines in World War II | | 10/14/1943 | Jose P. Laurel appointed president | José P. Laurel Laurel was among the Commonwealth officials instructed by the Japanese Imperial Army to form a provisional government when they invaded and occupied the country. It was because of his demonstrated willingness to serve under the Japanese Military Administration, that he held a series of high posts in 1942-1943. He was selected, by the National Assembly, under vigorous Japanese influence, to serve as President. | | 08/01/1944 | Manuel L. Quezon dies | Manuel L. Quezon Quezón suffered from tuberculosis and spent his last years in a ” cure cottage” in Saranac Lake, New York, where he died on August 1, 1944. He was initially buried in Arlington National Cemetery. His body was later carried by the USS Princeton and re-interred in Manila at the Manila North Cemetery before being moved to Quezon City within the monument at the Quezon Memorial Circle. | | 10/20/1944 | Philippines Campaign (1944—45) | United States retakes the Philippines from Japan The Philippines campaign of 1944—45 was the American and Filipino campaign to defeat and expel the Imperial Japanese forces occupying the Philippines, during World War II. The Liberation of the Philippines commenced with a amphibious landings on the eastern Philippine island of Leyte on October 20, 1944. | | 10/24/1945 | United Nations charter | United Nations’ The UN System in the Philippines began in 1945 when the Philippines joined 49 other nations in signing the United Nations Charter in San Francisco, USA. Since the Charter came into force on October 24, 1945 the partnership between the Government of the Philippines and the United Nations has been growing steadily. | | 05/28/1946 | Manuel Roxas elected president | Manuel Roxas Manuel Acuña Roxas (January 1, 1892 — April 15, 1948) was the first president of the independent Third Republic of the Philippines and 5th president overall. He served as president from the granting of independence in 1946 until his abrupt death in 1948. His term as Philippine president is also the shortest; 1 year 10 months and 18 days. | | 07/04/1946 | United States grants independence | Philippine Independence On July 4, 1946, representatives of the United States of America and of the Republic of the Philippines signed a Treaty of General Relations between the two governments. The treaty recognized the independence of the Republic of the Philippines as of July 4, 1946, and the relinquishment of American sovereignty over the Philippines. | | 04/15/1948 | President Roxas dies | Manuel Roxas Roxas did not finish his term that was expected to end by 1950 because he died of myocardial infarction. On the night of April 15, 1948, Roxas died at Clark Field, Pampanga | | 04/17/1948 | Elipido Quirino elected president | Elpidio Quirino After the death of the incumbent president Manuel Roxas in 1948, he succeeded the presidency. In what was claimed to be a dishonest and fraudulent[1] 1949 presidential election, he won the president’s office under Liberal Party ticket, defeating Nacionalista vie and former president José P. Laurel as well as fellow Liberalista and former senate president José Avelino. | | 12/30/1949 | Elpidio Quirino re-elected as president | Second Term President Elpidio Quirino was inaugurated for his first full term as President of the Philippines on December 30, 1949 at the Independence Grandstand (now Quirino Grandstand), Manila. | | 06/25/1950 | Korean War | Forgotten War The Philippines joined the Korean War in August 1950. The Philippines sent an expeditionary force of around 7, 500 combat troops. This was known as the Philippine Expeditionary Forces To Korea, or PEFTOK. It was the 4th largest force under the United Nations Command then under the command of US General Douglas MacArthur. | | 12/30/1953 | Ramon Magsaysay elected president | Ramon Magsaysay Ramón del Fierro Magsaysay (August 31, 1907 – March 17, 1957) was the third President of the Third Republic of the Philippines (and 7th president overall) from December 30, 1953 until his death in a plane crash in 1957. He was elected President under the banner of the Nacionalista Party. | | 09/08/1954 | Southeast Asia Treaty Organization | Manila Pact The Southeast Asia Treaty Organisation (SEATO) was an international organisation for collective defense which was signed on September 8, 1954 in Manila. The formal institution of SEATO was established at a meeting of treaty partners in Bangkok in February 1955.[1] It was primarily created to block further communist gains in Southeast Asia. The organization’s headquarters were located in Bangkok, Thailand. | | 03/17/1957 | Ramon Magsaysay dies | Death On March 16, 1957 Magsaysay left Manila for Cebu City where he spoke at three educational institutions. That same night, at about 1 a. m., he boarded the presidential plane ” Mt. Pinatubo”, a C-47, heading back to Manila. In the early morning hours of March 17, his plane was reported missing. | | 03/17/1957 | Carlos Garcia elected president | Carlos Garcia Carlos Polestico García (November 4, 1896 — June 14, 1971) was a Filipino teacher, poet, orator, lawyer, public official, and guerrilla leader. He became the 8th President of the Philippines known for his ” Filipino First” policy, which put the interests of the Filipino people above those of foreigners and of the ruling party. | | 12/30/1961 | Diosdado Macapagal elected president | Diosdado Macapagal Diosdado Pangan Macapagal (September 28, 1910 — April 21, 1997) was the 9th President of the Philippines, serving from 1961 to 1965, and the 9th Vice President, serving from 1957 to 1961. He is sometimes referred to as the Poor boy from Lubao, Champion of the Common Man and The Incorruptible. His daughter, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo served as president of the Philippines from 2001-2010. | | 05/12/1962 | Independence Day is changed to June 12 | Independence Day July 4 was observed in the Philippines as Independence Day until 1962. On May 12, 1962, President Diosdado Macapagal signed a proclamation which moved the observation of the nation’s independence from July 4 to June 12, the date on which Filipino patriots had declared independence from Spain in 1898. The change became permanent in 1964 with the signing of Republic Act No. 4166. | | 12/30/1965 | Ferdinand Marcos elected president | Ferdinand Marcos Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos (September 11, 1917 — September 28, 1989) was 10th President of the Philippines from 1965 to 1986. He was a lawyer, member of the Philippine House of Representatives (1949—1959) and a member of the Philippine Senate (1959—1965). He was Senate President in 1963. | | 12/30/1969 | Ferdinand Marcos re-elected | Ferdinand Marcos In 1969, President Marcos was reelected for an unprecedented second term. The fact that Marcos had spent significant amounts on infrastructure projects made him popular with large parts of the population. | | 01/01/1970 | First Quarter Storm begins in January | First Quarter Storm The First Quarter Storm was a period of leftist unrest in the Philippines, composed of a series of heavy demonstrations, protests, and marches against the government from January to March 1970, or the first quarter of 1970. It was one of the factors leading to the declaration of Martial Law in 1972. | | 09/23/1972 | President Marcos declares martial law | Martial Law Amidst the rising wave of lawlessness and the threat of a Communist insurgency, Marcos declared martial law on September 23, 1972, by virtue of Proclamation No. 1081. Marcos, ruling by decree, curtailed press freedom and other civil liberties, closed down Congress and media establishments, and ordered the arrest of opposition leaders and militant activists. | | 04/07/1978 | Interim Batasang Pambansa | Batasang Pambansa The Batasang Pambansa (English: National Legislature), also known by its nickname, the Batasan, was the former parliament of the Philippines, established as an interim assembly in 1978 and finally as an official body in 1984. Under the 1973 constitution, it replaced the former Congress established under the 1935 Commonwealth constitution. | | 08/21/1983 | Benigno Aquino, Jr. assassinated | Assassination Aquino was assassinated on August 21, 1983 when he was shot in the head after returning to the country. At the time, bodyguards were assigned to him by the Marcos government. A subsequent investigation produced controversy but produced no definitive results. After the Marcos government was overthrown, another investigation found sixteen defendants guilty. | | 05/14/1984 | Philippine parliamentary election, 1984 | Parliamentary Election Parliamentary elections were held on May 14, 1984 in the Philippines. Like any other elections, charges of bribery, protests and complaints on irregularity of the elections. But supported the campaign of boycotting the elections like Former Publisher of the Manila Times Chino Roces and Former Senator and opposition leader Jose W. Diokno. The NAMFREL (NAMFREL) helped to lessen election rigging during the election. | | 02/07/1986 | Philippine presidential election, 1986 | Election The Presidential and Vice-Presidential snap elections were held on February 7, 1986 in the Philippines. President Ferdinand E. Marcos and former Foreign Affairs Minister and Senate President Arturo Tolentino were proclaimed winners by the Batasang Pambansa as well as the official election canvasser, the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) thus granting President Marcos another six-year term as President. | | 02/07/1986 | People Power Revolution | People Power Revolution The People Power Revolution (also known as the EDSA Revolution and the Philippine Revolution of 1986) was a series of popular nonviolent and prayerful mass street demonstrations in the Philippines that occurred in 1986, which marked the restoration of the country’s democracy. | | 05/11/1987 | Philippine legislative election, 1987 | Legislative Election The Elections for the Members of the Senate and the House of Representatives were held in the Philippines on May 11, 1987. | | 05/11/1992 | Philippine general election, 1992 | General Election, 1992 Presidential elections, legislative elections and local elections were held in the Philippines on May 11, 1992. This was the first general elections under the 1987 Philippine Constitution. An estimated 80, 000 candidates ran for 17, 000 posts from the presidency down to municipal councilors. Even if the constitution allows her, President Corazon Aquino did not run for president. | | 05/08/1995 | Philippine general election, 1995 | General Election, 1995 Legislative elections and local elections were held in the Philippines on May 8, 1995. Filipinos protected the ballot boxes with their lives and campaigned against traditional politicians who used bribery, flying voters, violence, election rigging, stealing of ballot boxes and etc. The Philippine National Police (PNP) had listed five dead and listed more than 200 hotspots before the election. | | 07/01/1997 | 1997 Asian Financial Crisis | Asian Financial Crisis The Asian Financial Crisis was a period of financial crisis that gripped much of Asia beginning in July 1997, and raised fears of a worldwide economic meltdown due to financial contagion. | | 05/11/1998 | Philippine general election, 1998 | General Election, 1998 Presidential elections, legislative elections and local elections were held in the Philippines on May 11, 1998. In the presidential election, Vice President Joseph Estrada won a six-year term as President by a landslide victory. In the vice-presidential race, Senator Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo won a six-year term as Vice President also by a landslide victory. | | 06/30/2000 | ” All-out-war” against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) | MILF President Estrada declares an ” all-out-war” against the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF). | ————————————————-